Operational art has had a troubled existence in the English-speaking world. Although the concept has existed since the beginning of the 20th century, American officers did not come to it until the 1970s. This was the period of post-Vietnam reorientation toward conventional war with the USSR, which entailed much greater interest in Soviet doctrine. The US Army developed its own operational ideas, and formally adopted the concept of the
The Levels of Warfare, Part 4: Operational Confusion
Excellent final installment, Ben!
Great series. Thanks.